Improvement in ventilators



2 Sheets-Sheet 1 T. OWENS.

Ventilator.

Patented Oct. 29,1878.

Jkoflzas Owens. M17.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIoE.

THOMAS OW'ENS, OF \VASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

IMPROVEM ENT IN VENTI LATO RS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 209,506, dated October29, 1878; application filed March 16, 1878.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THos. Owners, of Washin gton, in the county of\Vashington and District of Columbia, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Ventilators 5 and I do hereby declare that thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

This invention relates to certain improvements in ventilators, and isdesigned as an improvement on a ventilator for which Letters Patent No.195,039 were granted to me September 11, 187 7.

The invention consists more particularly in a series or system of pipesleading from a defleeting-box common to all, by means of whichcommunication is established with various compartments and theirventilation provided for; also, in a head having a detachable face and acowl of peculiar construction, and a detachable automatic valve; also,in the construction and combination of parts, hereinafter more fully setforth.

In order to enable others skilled in the art to which my inventionappertains to make and use the same, I will now proceed to describe itsconstruction and operation, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, which form a part of this specification, and in which- Figurelis acentral vertical section, sho wing the face turned from the wind andthe head provided with a cowl, from which extends a pipe passing downthrough an upper deflecting-chamber to and into a seconddeflectingchamber. Fig. 2 is an external view of the device shown inFig. 1, with the face turned to the wind and the cowl from the wind.Fig. 3 is a view of the lower deflecting-box with the outer casingremoved, showing the deflecting-cone encircled with a coil of steamheating pipe. Fig. 4 is an enlarged end view,

looking through the flaring end of the cowlv shown in Figs. 1 and 2,with the valve removed. Fig. 5 is a central vertical section of thecowl, taken upon the line a: w of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is an end view of thecowl, showing an automatic valve in place. Fig. 7 is a central verticalsection of the cowl and automatic valve, taken upon the line y 3 of Fig.6. Fi 8 is a View of the automatic valve from the inner side. I

1) denotes the head, provided with a remow able face, E, attached to thehead by hooks or other suitable means, as shown in Fig. 2 of drawing.

The object in making the face removable is to provide for opening theentire front of the head, when desired, for the reception of air. Thehead is also provided with wings F on either side, which Ihave describedand claimed in another application.

The head D rests and revolves freely upon the upper end of a pipe, B,which extends down through the root of a house, floor, or deck of avessel, as the case may be, to any compartment where ventilation may berequired, where it connects with a deflectingbox, as shown in Figs. 1and 2 of drawings, as I have heretofore described in LettersPatentgranted to me. This box is usually placed in the center of thecompartment, immediately beneath and attached to the ceiling; but whenit is preferred the deflecting-box may be placed in other parts of theroom. From the side of this deflecting-box one or more pipes, 0, mayextend to the other compartments, from which the air may be drawn orinto which itmay be conducted from the head 1).

On top of the head D is placed a cowl, K, provided with a reversiblevane, and revolving freely upon a rod extending down into the pipe 0 asuitable distance to be substantially braced from the sides of saidpipe. The pipe 0 extends down through the center of the head-pipe B anddeflecting-box to a lower deflecting-box, P, as shown in Figs. 1. and 2.After passing through the deflecting-box the pipe 0 may extend directlydownward, or it may be conducted to one side of the compartment and thendown, or it may be conducted to another compartment and the cowltrimmed, as desired.

Then the pipe is conducted to a deflecting-box upon the floor beneaththe upper defleeting-box, it is used for the introduction anddistribution of cool fresh air, while the pipe B, through the upperdeflecting-box, simultaneously carries off the upper strata of heatedand exhausted air and accumulated gases contiguous to the ceilin g.

The order of induction and eduction of these pipes may be reversed, orboth may be made manner: The horizontal arm of the elbow S is providedwith a skin, T, having one end flared and the other open, except whereattached to the elbow, as shown. The vertical arm of the elbow isprovided with a hood, U, under which, in the elbow, is placed a valve,V, arranged to be closed by gravity or in any other suitable manner.

A collar, X, (shown in Figs. 6, 7, and 8 of drawings,) is attached tothe flared end of the cowl by any suitable means that will permit of aready removal of the collar when an open cowl, as shown in Fig. 5, isdesired. To the front and in the sides of this collar a rod is held,extending across the face, and bearing the valve W, that when shutcloses the central opening of the collar. Below and a little back of therod bearing the valve another rod is held in the sides of the collar, towhich a wing, Y, is rigidly attached, which covers the space cut awayfrom the lower section of the collar, and operates the valve by means ofa chain, h, attached to the lowerpart of the wing, and passing upwardthrough the eye of an arm, f, attached to the wing, to the upper edge ofthe valve, as shown in Figs. 7 and 8 of drawing. This chain passes fromthe wing first back of, then through, the eye, and then over the top ofthe arm. The chain should be made of links of a suitable size, so theywill meet with limited amount of resistance in passiiig through the eye.

A cuived finger, .i, is also attached to the inner side of the wing, andextends a suitable distance above the rod bearing the wing, and iscurved forward in front of the plane of the wing, so as to strike thevalve and close it when the wing is shut. A stop, j, is placed in thefront side of the wings, to check the valve as it approaches a closedposition and prevent its becoming jammed.

The lower part of the wing is curved outward, forming an apron, Z,against which the wind impinges in closing the valve. The ends of thewing protrude beyond the sides of the cowl, so as to be caughtby thewind and held in the open position shown in Fig. 7 of drawings.

A bar, B, with a hooked end, is attached to the rod bearin g the wing,and extends back to the throat of the cowl, where the hook engages withthe vertical side of the cowl, as shown in Fig. 7 of drawing.

In constructing this valve the form and proportion shown may not befollowed exactly, but may be changed so long as the principle is notabandoned.

This valve and its operating devices are intended for use upon any cowlwith a flared mouth turned fromthe wind and used to draw air from withinoutward, where it is desired to close the cowl upon the shifting of thewind and prevent a downward draft, which this device will do, for themoment the wind strikes the front part of the wing the valve will beclosed. When the flared end of the cowl is thrown from the wind airenters under the skin T, and by the deflector A is thrown down in frontof the elbow, creating a draft through the cow]. While this is takingplace wind strikes the wing Y, throwing it out, as shown in Fig. 7,opening the valve by the arm f and chain h.

The valve V under the hood U is for the purpose of allowing any air toescape, when the cowl is used as an egress. that may enter the flaredend on its being thrown around by any sudden shift of the wind.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A ventilator-head provided with a detachable face, substantially asshown and de' scribed.

' 2. Adeflectingbox or chamber, A, provided with a conducting pipe orpipes leading to other compartments, substantially as shown anddescribed.

3. The cowl R, constructed with a skin, T, hood \V, and wing V,substantially as described.

4. The combination of the collar X, valveplate W, wing Y, provided withapron Z, and

arm f, chain h, finger 2', and arm B, all constructed and operatingsubstantially as shown and described. I

5. In a. ventilator, the combination of the head D, provided withadjustable wings F, pipe B, deflecting-box A, pipe 0, and chamber P,substantially as described.

6. In a ventilator, the combination of the cowl 1t, substantially asdescribed, with the head D, wings F, pipe B, deflecting-box A, pipe ,0,and chamber 1?, constructed and operating substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I affix my signaturein presence of two witnesses.

THOMAS OWENS, M. D.

WVitnesses:

H. L. PERRINE, A. M. LONG.

